The Rise Of World Oil Price In Malaysia

The Rise Of World Oil Price In Malaysia The article titled Spectre of inflation was posted on 7 March 2011 by The Star Online. It reports the impact of rise in world oil prices and explains how this affects the country. 2.0 Introduction With the world oil prices increasing rapidly, the public is concerned about the effects to the economy of Malaysia in 2011. According to early experiences, the rapidly increasing prices of oil and gas usually affect the countrys economy growth. The aim of this report is to examine the impact of the rise of world oil price in Malaysia using economics concepts and simple diagrams. The report will emphasize on macroeconomics, including topics such as inflation, business cycle, aggregate demand and supply, monetary policy and fiscal policy. At the end of the report, a summary of all the discussions mentioned will be concluded. 3.0 Analysis 3.1 Business Cycle The consistently oil price changes has a great impact on the business cycle. The emerging increase in the world oil price delays the recovery of economy in Malaysia. The effect of the business cycle on oil price changes is illustrated using movements in real GDP. Generally, each business cycle has two phases: A contraction and expansion and two turning points: A peak and a trough. Figure 1.1 shows a hypothetical business cycle. Real GDP Untitled.jpg Figure 1.1 According to Mahbob (2011), the booming price of oil and gas is not positive for the economic growth as Malaysia is just trying to recover after the global financial crisis in 2009. This will lead to recession. Recession usually decreases the inflation rate. This is an exception because the recession is caused by a supply shock. During this period of time, the inflation rate of Malaysia rises rapidly. Eventually, this increases the unemployment rate and causes the real GDP to fell significantly. 3.2 Aggregate demand In the article, it was mentioned that the public have to arrange their spending and pattern of consumption due to inflation. The public are encouraged to increase domestic food production, economized on travels and increase usage of public transports to promote household savings (Mahbob 2011). This will help Malaysia to tame the inflationary stress. Aggregate demand (AD) curve shows the relationship between the price level and the quantity of real GDP demanded, ceteris paribus. The aggregate demand curve is always downward sloping. This is due to a decrease in the price level increases the quantity of real GDP demanded. Meanwhile, the short-run aggregate supply curve (SRAS) shows the relationship in the short-run between the price level and the quantity of real GDP supplied by the firm. The aggregate demand curve also shows the equilibrium level of real GDP. The total spending is equivalent to the total output for each price level. The equation of aggregate demand is shown in Figure1.2 as below: Figure 1.2 The aggregate demand curve will shift if any variable changes other than price level. A change in C, I, G or net Xs will shift the aggregate demand curve. For example, the increase in price of oil causes the households and firms to become pessimistic about their future incomes. They are more likely to save. This will decrease the overall consumption and hence, shifting the aggregate demand curve to the left. To help to ease the inflationary pressure in Malaysia caused by the continuously increasing oil price, C, I, G or net Xs should be increased. The aggregate demand curve will shift to the right from AD1 to AD2 in Figure 1.3 if C, I, G or net Xs are increased. Untitled.png Figure 1.3 3.3 Aggregate supply The aggregate supply (AS) curve shows the effect of changes in total output or real GDP on the price level. The long-run aggregate supply (LRAS) curve is when the real GDP equals to potential GDP and there is full employment. The long-run aggregate supply curve is always vertical because potential GDP is not affected by the price level. An unexpected change in the price of natural resources such as oil will shift the aggregate supply curve. For instance, a sudden increase in the price of oil in Malaysia causes supply shock to happen. The price levels of the outputs increase significantly as a greater amount of inputs are needed for production. Costs of producing output rise. This cause the aggregate supply curve to shift to the left, from AS1 to AS2, as shown in Figure 1.4. Untitled.png Figure 1.4 3.4 Inflation Inflation is generally defined as a process of continuously rising prices, or equivalently, of continuously falling value of money (Laidler and Parkin, 1975, 741). Inflation rate is the percentage rise in the level of price every year. The price of Ron97 petrol was increased to RM2.70 per litre at 1 April 2011, which is RM 0.20 higher than the price before. In 2011, current high oil prices are actually caused by the fears that supply would be disrupted by the unrest and turmoil in Libya and Egypt and the protests in the Middle East. The persistent increase in the price of oil in Malaysia contributed to inflation. Malaysia, who is experiencing high inflation rate, will cause the real income of individual to decrease. This will then decrease the purchasing power of consumer and weakens Malaysian currency. In long term, Malaysia will experience a decline in economic growth. According to the economics theories, the increase in prices of oil is a cost-push inflation. Cost-push inflation is defined as the inflation that arises as a result of a negative supply shock-that is, anything that causes a decrease in the aggregate supply of goods and services (Essential of Economics, 2010, 465). The soaring oil price causes a negative supply shock, which leads to an upward shift in price level and lower real gross domestic product (GDP) in the short run. An increase in oil price causes an increase in the production costs. This shifts the aggregate supply curve to the left, from SRAS1 to SRAS2 in Figure 1.5. This moves the short-run equilibrium from point A to point B. The real GDP falls below its potential level and the price level increase from P1 to P2. Untitled.png Figure 1.5 3.5 Monetary Policy The rising oil prices contributes to a big part of the increase in inflation rate in Malaysia. In Malaysia, monetary policy is determined by Bank Negara Malaysia. The aim of monetary policy in Malaysia is to attain price stability of the currency. By maintaining low inflation, it helps to promote long-term growth and full employment. Bank Negara Malaysia implements open market operations (OMO) to sterilize liquidity changes in the overnight money market to maintain constant cash rate. As shown above in section 3.2, AD = C + I + G + X-M. An increase or decrease in the interest rate will affect the consumption (C), investments (I) and net exports (X-M). However, it does not influence government purchase. For example, an increase in the cash supply on the OMO will lead to a fall in interest rate and an increase in consumer and investment expenditure. During inflation, Bank Negara Malaysia implements contractionary monetary policy to keep the rate of inflation low. Bank Negara Malaysia increases the cash rate at inflationary periods to decrease the cash supply. As a result, interest rate is increase. This will then decrease the investment, consumption and net exports. The aggregate demand curve shifts to the left. Price level and real GDP are decreased. Untitled.png Figure 1.6 As shown in Figure 1.6, Bank Negara Malaysia prevents the aggregate demand to increase too rapid by raising the interest rates. The contractionary monetary policy shifts the aggregate demand curve from AD0 to AD1. The price level decreases from P0 to P1 while the real GDP decreases from GDP0 to GDP1. This helps to reduce inflation.

Narrative on `The Dream of the Rood`

As the first known â€Å"dream poem† in English literature, â€Å"The Dream of the Rood† has stood as one of the most celebrated and profound works in verse around the world. Along with a penetrating, mystical vision of Christian spirituality and illuminating Biblical allusion, the poem offers a diverse and inspired form and diction to match its powerful theme and images. â€Å"The Dream of the Rood is best understood as an imaginative re-enactment of a private penitential experience[†¦] This critically acclaimed, dramatic Old English poem is the first dream-vision in English, and its most enduring features are a startling use of language, powerful prosopopoeia, and striking imagery.† (Butcher) Along with religious imagery which overtly signals the spiritual and penitential themes of the poem, â€Å"The Dream of the rood† extends truly original diction and meter to propel its impact. The basic â€Å"story† of the poem may have been drawn from earlier sources, poems which utilized the same theme: â€Å"an older poem describing the crucifixion of Jesus which may possibly have been written by Caedmon or one of his school, and which Cynewulf took up and worked at in his own fashion, adding to it where and how he pleased, and changing its mode of presentation — making it, for instance into a dream, and adding the personification of the Tree. (Brooke 438) Using the theme of   Christ’s crucifixion allowed the poet to soar into inventiuve language and word-choice, to establish poetry which addressed the spiritual and religious impulses of the Anglo Saxon world: â€Å"More explicitly in what is perhaps the most famous of the Anglo-Saxon Christian poems, The Dream of the Rood, the poet represents the Crucifixion as a physically active and heroic act.† (Crafton 214) This basic story is both straightforward and mystical: â€Å"the speaker tells of his swefna cyst, best of dreams, in which he sees the cross of the crucifixion, alter nately bejeweled and bloody, in the sky. The cross then speaks, giving its own first person account of the Passion of Christ, and encouraging the dreamer to spread the message of the cross to his contemporaries.† (Dockray-Miller)  Ã‚   In order to capture the luminous and exalted feeling of inspiration and religious intoxication which permeate the poem, the poet engaged in the use of language which is both striking and deeply connotative. In generating the â€Å"narrative† of the poem, the poet resorted to the use of gender-charged or gender-specific language, to â€Å"personify† and attribute qualitites to  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the elements of the poem which would enable its message to emerge powerfully.†Particularly concerned with how language could be used to signal a status of power, the poet of â€Å"The Dream of the Rood† used masculine- and feminine-coded language to signal a change in the status of power-figures.†Ã‚   (Hawkins) Evidence of controlled and inspired diction is obvious from the poem’s opening lines: â€Å"the poet announces he will recount the â€Å"swefna cyst,† or ’best of dreams,’ the first-time reader thinks nothing of the phrase except that it signifies excellence in dreaming, perhaps; however, on second and third passes through the poem, the reader becomes aware that this diction deserves close scrutiny[†¦] the poet is establishing that both his narrator’s dream and the tree in that dream are the â€Å"best†; that is to say, they are ultimate truth.†Ã‚   (Butcher). Likewise, the tree, described first in the poem’s fourth line as â€Å"â€Å"syllicre tr?eow’, an absolute use of the comparative â€Å"syllicre,† meaning â€Å"a tree more marvelous [than any other tree].† Syllic is a variation of the adjective seldlic, from which our seldom comes. Thus, â€Å"syllicre tr?eow† can also be translated â€Å"rarest tree.† Immediately, the poet has established the exceptional nature of his subject.† (Butcher). Works Cited Brooke, Stopford A. The History of Early English Literature: Being the History of English Poetry from Its Beginnings to the Accession of King Aelfred. New York: Macmillan, 1892. Crafton, John Michael. â€Å"11 Epic and Heroic Poetry.† A Companion to Old and Middle English Literature. Ed. Laura Cooner Lambdin and Robert Thomas Lambdin. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2002. 210-229. Dockray-Miller, Mary. â€Å"The Feminized Cross of ‘The Dream of the Rood.'.† Philological Quarterly 76.1 (1997): 1+. Hawkins, Emma B. â€Å"Gender, Language and Power in â€Å"The Dream of the Rood†.† Women and Language 18.2 (1995): 33+. Butcher, Carmen Acevedo. The Dream of the Rood and Its Unique, Penitential Language 1+ www.carmenbutcher.com 2-5-07.            

Essay about Politics and Money - 886 Words

The late Alabama governor George Wallace once said, Theres not a dimes worth of difference between Republicans and Democrats. Both Republicans and Democrats agree on taking our money. Where they differ is what to spend it on. A Democrat agrees to take our earnings and give them to cities and poor people. A Republican agrees to take our earnings and give them to farmers and failing businesses. Republicans have dominated both houses of Congress since 1994, a year when federal spending was $1.5 trillion. Less than a decade later federal spending in 2002 was over $2.1 trillion, a 37 percent increase. Some politicians might argue that the war on terrorism has been responsible for the massive spending increase. Thats nonsense! According†¦show more content†¦Giles insisted that it was neither the purpose nor the right of Congress to attend to what generosity and humanity require, but to what the Constitution and their duty require. 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Who is Nelson Madela - 788 Words

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ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER Essay - 1397 Words

ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER is a condition that can occur in both children and adults who constantly display inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER is one of many disorders that features problems in two major places; which are the impulse control and ability to focus attention on the different tasks. Children and adults with ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER either have a problem with inattention; meaning a short attention span, often fall to give close attention to details of makes careless mistakes in school work, work, or other activities, often does not seem to listen when spoken to directly, and is often forgetful in daily activities, etc. An inability to block out†¦show more content†¦Evidence show that the area does not work properly in people with ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER and their behavior is the brains attempt to generate new stimulation to maintain alertness. Obstetrical problems during pregnancy or delivery, such as bleeding or lack of oxygen, can also cause neurological damage. Difficulties during pregnancy and birth probably on account for a tiny percentage of ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER cases. Prenatal factors are more important than birth problems in the cause of psychiatric disorders. Babies with low birth weights develop ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER. If a fetus is exposed to toxic substances like alcohol and lead, it can produce abnormal effects on behavior. Prenatal and postnatal toxic exposure to disabilities and children with ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER often have higher levels of lead in their blood than sibling without the disorder. Early malnutrition is the most common cause of ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER like symptoms. Children who are severely malnourished in the first year of life about 60 percent show inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity through childhood and young adulthood. A pregn ant woman who abuses alcohol or drugs can cause poor motor and muscular development and sensory impairment, problems with learning, memory, attention, and problem solving; and problems with mental health and social interactions in the unborn baby. If a close

The Effects of Social Norms on Society Free Essays

Dr. Kenneth Hoffman Sociology 200-302 2 January 2013 The Effects of Social Norms on Society In a world where routine is dominant and change is difficult to adhere by, social norms have become major assets for a smoothly functioning day. With the experiment of breaking normative behavior I wanted to do something subtle yet startling. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effects of Social Norms on Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sometimes the smallest changes in behavior receive the toughest adjustments. First impressions have a strong influence on a person’s relationship with someone else. With that being said, I decided to change the way I went about greeting people. The opening greeting of shaking hands and smiling has become so common it has lost value and become routine. The subtle change I made to my greeting was that I decided to only say my name in a monotone voice and shake hands with the wrong hand, leading to responses of surprise, unease, and sometimes anger. With most people being right handed, I have made the assumption that this could be why the common greeting is to shake with one’s right hand. The â€Å"normal† greeting is to smile, say hello, and shake with your right hand. People have taken what use to be excitement to seeing each other to going through common motions repeated multiple times. This greeting is a sign that one may have come from a proper upbringing and family, possibly middle to upper class. It is also taken as a common sign of acceptance to strangers meeting for the first time. My sample size of people ranged from people of all ages and relationships to me. I decided I would greet with a plain face and state my name and reach out with my left hand with all introductions. People who did not know me well believed I was unpleasant and felt awkward. My new greeting was taken with surprise, as people who know me well believed I was in a bad mood or having a bad day. If I don’t do the norm I’m considered upset and negative. From the experiment I learned that people commonly receive me as joyful and energetic. In a way my own personal norm has evolved into me being upbeat whether my day has been good or bad. All people react to different stimuli in their own way. With that being said, I was surprised to find that out of the 20+ people I greeted against the norm, only one gave my greeting a â€Å"normal† response without interruption. The lone person was a 12 year old boy I see regularly and he just continued what he was doing without a hint of awkwardness. The older people would teach and try to correct what they took as my â€Å"ignorance† toward a common greeting. A few of these older experimentees actually refused to shake my hand unless it was a right handed shake. People around the same age as me were awkward with a sarcastic manner, laughed, or just went ahead and shook my left hand after a moment of hesitation. With all the immediate responses having large variance, the most correlated response was that people thought there was something wrong with my well-being and tried to cheer me up. The overall response to the experiment ended up being quite humorous. It also opened my eyes to how much the people in my life care about me. While I expected the awkward moments, I expected more people to just go along with it and not be startled. Even the slightest changes in one’s actions can affect the response and mood of how people interact with one another. In this case, it was subtle yet changed the entire complexion of the exchanges between the people I intercepted. With responses ranging from laughter to confusion, the smallest changes in normative behavior can have most astonishing results. How to cite The Effects of Social Norms on Society, Papers

Supporting Significant Life Event Social Networks - Sample Solution

Questions: Task 1: This task requires you to understand how significant life events such as dying and bereavement impact on individuals and their social networks. You could use the context of the case study mentioned above and your work place in health and social care to deal with the tasks. 1.1 Explain the physical, psychological and social impact of bereavement on individuals (that is; the bereaved person). 1.2 Analyse possible group responses to bereavement. 1.3 Analyse the impact for others in health and social care when an individual is bereaved. Task 2: Description of problem to be solved: This task requires you to understand the support available for individuals experiencing significant life events such as bereavement. 2.1 Evaluate the effectiveness of organisational policies and procedures of supporting bereaved individuals e.g. Mrs Garry and their social networks. 2.2 Explain how others in social networks may provide support to bereaved individuals 2.3 Evaluate the suitability of external sources of support available for bereaved individuals. Task 3: Based on personal reflection of your own experiences within health and social care and the case study provided. Due to its practice-based requirements; these criteria will also be covered with the Integrated Unit of PPD This task requires you to be able to analyse responses made by health and social care services to support individuals experiencing significant life events. 3.1 Analyse possible organisational responses to the need to support individuals experiencing a significant life event. 3.2 As a health and social care professional, reflect on your own personal contributions to the support of individuals experiencing significant life events such as bereavement. ? Answers: 1.1 Physical, psychological and social impact of bereavement on individuals As referred to in the case scenario, George had suffered the loss of her beloved mother and her death may be considered to be a devastating event. This sudden shock is expressed through both physical as well as psychological reactions. George was unaware of her mothers condition but when he was informed about her hospitalization and the seriousness of her conditions, George went through a period of intense shock, loss and grief. Bereavement manifests some physical signs of depression, anxiety and fear (Carter, Mikan and Simpson, 2009). Another physical symptom is that of increased adrenaline. It is one of the features of the flight or fight responses to certain crisis. The loss of a beloved one often provokes this type of panic. Such adrenaline hike may lead to accelerated heartbeat, involuntary limb shakiness and in entire body. Physical exhaustion is another manifestation. Research shows that digestive problems may emerge after the death of beloved individuals. These are forms of physical symptoms. On the grounds of psychological aspect, emotional numbness is one of the symptoms of bereavement. Initially the affected individual may feel detached from his life which results from shock of grief. Another common emotional impact is that of anger. One may feel angry with oneself or the individual is no more in life (Skea and Nishioka, 2008). Bereavement even affects individual socially as the person remains no more in contact with his social surrounding. His social life gets affected severely and the time taken to get used to with the normal life varies from one person to another. The bereaved individual may start neglecting his own appearance for some time and feels quite isolated from the rest of the world (Hays, Kasl and Jacobs, 1994). 1.2 Possible group responses to bereavement Any bereaved individual may frequently switch amidst alternate emotions of denial, sadness, anger, guilt and fear several times a day. The extent of experiencing bereavement depends on individual attributes as well as personality. It is also dependent on the ways any individual responds to loss or crisis situations, the kind of relationship shared between the bereaved person and who died, and also our attitudes as well as opinions about death as well as life. This may also get affected by the extent to which we are supported by our surroundings and all sorts of stress. Different groups may respond to bereavement in different ways, and this depends upon the type of relationship they managed to have during the course of life. There are groups of people who are affected minor because of their practical lifestyle and personality. It is known to them that people are mortal and that one has to leave this world one day or the other. They face emotional setback for a couple of days and they again their go with the normal flow of life. Again there are some groups of peoples who face it quite seriously and the time period may vary for several days of even months. Complicated bereavement may occur when any bereaved individual remains incapable of dealing with their personal feelings of grief as well as loss (Hoyle, 2012). They may possess intensified thoughts related to own lives, regrets, personal choices, or even own mortality. The concept of bereavement may instigate several changes which can impact those individuals left behind by their beloved. Although coping with these changes may be severely painful as well as many cases overwhelming, the very result of the process may be positive. For instance, it is identified by individuals that confronting the matter of death enable them to become even more compassionate and pursue all that important in life. 1.3 The impact for others in health and social care when an individual is bereaved All health care professionals often encounter bereaved individuals by means of personal as well as professional lives. Most of the individuals face common grief and gradually cope, while others face severe setback and reactions prolonging period of which may prove to be fatal for the bereaved individual (Kendler, Myers and Zisook, 2008). This may complicate things. Whereas the experience of bereavement refers to pervasive aspect of growing up, this is a crucial event for some young people and carrying significant outcomes in both short-term and long term. Some new studies and investigations have shown that bereavement can bear significant outcomes even in health and social care workers (Kim et al., 2012). These significances are reflective in varied forms involving spiritual development, respective perspective on personal identities and understanding own individualism along with background. Since health and social care providers are ones who directly deal with such bereaved patients, they experience different forms of bereavement. They get so much involved in managing the situation that sometimes bereavement impacts them adversely. Bereavement: A risk Health care providers and other care givers have to undergo difficult situations along with the patients. Bereavement is not only harmful for the closed individual but even for the surrounding as not every time it comes up with negative outcomes (Magill, 2009). The impacts can be of different types like some can develop increased expectations for themselves or acquire new strengths, while some others may get overwhelmed as well as de-motivated, thereby reducing expectations. In all the evidence points towards the need to have complex models of stress factors as well as resources that young people may draw upon and considered for longer time period. The experience of such losses may be quite distinctly associated with risk of negative outcomes. These are linked to social class and other factors. 2.1 Effectiveness of organizational policies and procedures of supporting bereaved individuals There are evidences that show that organizational policies must be maintained to in order to support bereaved individuals. This would enable young people, children, families and communities including that of professional individuals to cope with the tough situations and respond to the social surrounding in the most desired manner possible. The society needs to understand this that the issue of bereavement is a general attribute with the lives of young people and this is the issue to be dealt with experts (Ando et al., 2013). Arguments may be raised regarding the inclusion of such type of death education in educational institutions or professional organizations. Support groups in organizations may have specific relevance to deal with bereavement cases or difficulties and including lives of miserable people. Research also states the need to have increased support as well as training by professionals to deal with issues related to bereavement (Juth et al., 2015). Palliative experts in organizations have recently given increased attention towards the concerning issues of all bereaved individuals, youth or children. Several innovative initiatives have been like that of interactive websites meant for young people as well as children. However, recent voluntary funded services often center hospices with increased emphasis upon anticipated deaths (Skea and Nishioka, 2008). Some researches concern about the way of accessing services for bereaved individuals. This is associated with the issues concerning personal help as well as health education for youth. These wide areas of policy development require ensuring that bereavement is well included with proper consideration to own right as significant issue for people. Simultaneously it is also significant for such policies to pay specific attention towards the manner bereavement support the living deprivation as well as disadvantages. Hence, while evidence refers to the need for varied range of effectiv e services that is potentially available to every individual (Juth et al., 2015). 2.2 How others in social networks may provide support to bereaved individuals It is expected that teenagers learn to bear own responsibilities and also manage own behavior or emotions in private as well as public. Several studies have shown that large groups of bereaved individuals avoid talking with anyone regarding experiences. They feel the risk of isolation with time. Bereaved individuals can have varied relationships with their peers or family members. Family and friends play crucial role in identifying and dealing with bereaved individuals and their experiences in bereavement (Carter, Mikan and Simpson, 2009). Families and social surroundings play key role in mitigating with the problem of bereavement of individuals. These may include mutual support from closed ones and also appropriate behavior responses from them. Bereavement even affects individual socially as the person remains no more in contact with his social surrounding. His social life gets affected severely and the time taken to get used to with the normal life varies from one person to another (Pietil, 2002). The bereaved individual may start neglecting his own appearance for some time and feels quite isolated from the rest of the world. The society needs to understand this that the issue of bereavement is a general attribute with the lives of young people and this is the issue to be dealt with experts (Ierodiakonou Benou et al., 2008). Arguments may be raised regarding the inclusion of such type of death education in educational institutions or professional organizations. Support groups in organizations may have specific relevance to deal with bereavement cases or difficulties and including lives of miserable people. Research also states the need to have increased support as well as training by professionals to deal with issues related to bereavement. 2.3 Suitability of external sources of support available for bereaved individuals Bereaved individuals can have varied relationships with their peers or family members. Family and friends play crucial role in identifying and dealing with bereaved individuals and their experiences in bereavement. Families and social surroundings play key role in mitigating with the problem of bereavement of individuals (Lee, Woo and Goh, 2012). These may include mutual support from closed ones and also appropriate behavior responses from them. Bereavement even affects individual socially as the person remains no more in contact with his social surrounding. His social life gets affected severely and the time taken to get used to with the normal life varies from one person to another. The national government must set out policies so that palliative care is available and accessible to every individual and also those diagnosed with diseases. People suffering from dementia must have equal access to such services (Carter, Mikan and Simpson, 2009). Focus must be given to discussing as wel l as documenting wishes. In the health care sector, training must be given to the staffs and professionals to provide suitable care support to patients. The concept of bereavement may instigate several changes which can impact those individuals left behind by their beloved (Shaw, Abrams and Marteau, 1999). Although coping with these changes may be severely painful as well as many cases overwhelming, the very result of the process may be positive. For instance, it is identified by individuals that confronting the matter of death enable them to become even more compassionate and pursue all that important in life (Gall, Henneberry and Eyre, 2013). 3.1 Possible organizational responses to the need to support individuals experiencing a significant life event Within acute settings, generalist may be competent to identify individuals who at the end of their lives are likely to benefit from specialist care irrespective of medical conditions. NHS Trusts need to ensure that these staffs are given opportunities to learn from various palliative care teams. The national government must set out policies so that palliative care is available and accessible to every individual and also those diagnosed with diseases. People suffering from dementia must have equal access to such services (Read and Bowler, 2007). Focus must be given to discussing as well as documenting wishes. In the health care sector, training must be given to the staffs and professionals to provide suitable care support to patients. Government has a great role in providing clarity as well as leadership related to policy on care planning as well as its implementation. It needs to consider raising awareness of such issues as bereavement so that every individual is well aware about the cause and impact of bereavement among individuals (Lee, Woo and Goh, 2012). The health committee needs to frame policies and regulation so as to make effort to help the bereaved individuals as George as mentioned in the case scenario. The health staffs and professionals must be given adequate training on dealing with bereaved individuals so as to help them cope with difficult situations (Gall, Henneberry and Eyre, 2013). The concept of bereavement may instigate several changes which can impact those individuals left behind by their beloved. Although coping with these changes may be severely painful as well as many cases overwhelming, the very result of the process may be positive. For instance, it is identified by individuals that co nfronting the matter of death enable them to become even more compassionate and pursue all that important in life. 3.2 As a health and social care professional, reflect on your own personal contributions to the support of individuals experiencing significant life events such as bereavement Reflection on my personal contribution towards support of individuals experiencing life events would be beneficial. Being one such medical professional in the health sector I feel it is my prime duty to focus on various types of care that can be provided to individuals undergoing some tough conditions (Lee and Kim, 2003). One such area is with bereaved individuals. These are individuals who seem to waste their rest of the life in grief of any one of their beloved ones. The loss of death of a closed one may cause severe damages to lives of some people. I believe these are the individuals who need mental care the most. Support from family and society are vital for them and this is the area I focus on as a human being. Bereaved individuals may struggle over several years to major bereavement often unnoticed by the surroundings (Holland et al., 2013). The idea that an individual would soon get over with the loss may be wrong as the person may revisit different bereavement such as struggl ing to deal with all sorts of overwhelming feelings, possibility of being isolated from social groups, increased sense of risk as well as vulnerability, lack of proper help from social surroundings, lack of decision making power in lives, etc. One must not let any sort of discomfort to prevent one from reaching out to the bereaved individual. The most significant thing that can be done for any bereaved person is simply to be there at the time of need for support as well as caring presence to help the person cope with pain and stress (Stajduhar, Martin and Cairns, 2010). The society needs to understand this that the issue of bereavement is a general attribute with the lives of young people and this is the issue to be dealt with experts. Arguments may be raised regarding the inclusion of such type of death education in educational institutions or professional organizations. Support groups in organizations may have specific relevance to deal with bereavement cases or difficulties and i ncluding lives of miserable people (Ierodiakonou Benou et al., 2008). Research also states the need to have increased support as well as training by professionals to deal with issues related to bereavement. 3.3 Make recommendations for improving the support available in a Care Home for residents and their social networks when affected by significant life events such as bereavement In a Care Home for residents as well as social networks, support to bereaved individuals may be improved by certain life events. When any individual is suffering from the pain of loss of closed ones, it is important for the surrounding individuals to be more concerned about the person and his conditions. They may be willing to talk about the person who passed away. In that case one of the most effective things one can do is to listen to the bereaved individual carefully, and provide them adequate time as well as space to grieve off. Empathy is what needed to act as the supporting factor for bereaved people (Wong, Ussher and Perz, 2009). It is important to communicate with the bereaved individuals on a regular basis either by directly or through calls, email or letter. The person needs to be encouraged to talk and there needs to be created an environment where the bereaved individual can be themselves as well as exhibit their feelings and not that put up something else in front (Gall, Henneberry and Eyre, 2013). Their mood swings are common and this needs to be well understood by others. Bereavement even affects individual socially as the person remains no more in contact with his social surrounding. His social life gets affected severely and the time taken to get used to with the normal life varies from one person to another. The bereaved individual may start neglecting his own appearance for some time and feels quite isolated from the rest of the world (McKiernan et al., 2013). The death of any closed one is the most difficult things one experiences. 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